The Snyder test media was prepared using 1,000 mL distilled water, 3 g beef extract (0.3%), 20 g dextrose, 20 g agar, 50 mL 0.04% bromocresol green, and then modified the pH using 0.1 N lactic acid solution to pH 5.0 using a pH meter. This study aimed to analyze oral factors influencing halitosis to identify its cause, and consequently improve oral health to efficiently manage halitosis.īased on the theory that salivary bacteria form acid, it was essential to measure the degree of activity of acidogenic bacteria in the saliva by colorimetry. Accordingly, because oral health impacts not only general health but also social life and mental health, timely diagnosis and management are essential. Studies have shown that halitosis disrupts not only a person’s social life and relationships, but causes psychological, and emotional anxiety resulting in a lack of confidence. These earlier studies show that the prevalence of halitosis is increasing and is becoming a common problem. Self-evaluation of halitosis in women has been more statistically significant than in men. In a study assessing the frequency of halitosis in Korea, the subjective prevalence rate was found to increase with age in both men and women. Even though approximately 70% of women in their 20s in Korea have experienced halitosis, only 30% show levels above normal values. The prevalence rate of halitosis in the adult population of Italy has been reported as 54%, and a statistically significant correlation was found between organoleptic and gas chromatographic measurements. In Korea, whilst only 26% of Korean individuals had halitosis, only 54% wanted treatment it. Previous studies that used apparatus to measure halitosis, revealed that 20% to 35% of Chinese and 20% of Japanese individuals had a halitosis concentration above the standard value. In these cases, 24% reported that it was unpleasant to communicate with family members due to halitosis. In Brazil this figure has been reported to be 31%, and more than 1 family member had halitosis. The American Dental Association reported that approximately 25% of adults have significant chronic halitosis. The prevalence of halitosis has been reported to be similar in countries worldwide. Extraoral causes include nasopharyngeal and respiratory disorders, diabetes, intestinal disease, and renal disease.
These include feculent breath, periodontal disease, dental caries, coated tongue, decreased salivary secretion, changes in composition of the saliva, infection, and tumors of the intraoral. Halitosis is a significant social problem that is complex although, oral factors are responsible for the majority of cases (85%). Halitosis is the term used for bad breath, that describes the unpleasant odor detected on the breath that can be a blend of different types of odors based on the food and drink that has been consumed.
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